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As SIS installations age, two concepts become increasingly important: Mission Time (MT) and Useful Life. Confusing or misapplying these parameters can lead to non-conforming

Note: This article is adapted from the original German text, with changed cross-references to the international standards. For a more detailed summary of the

Between 2019-2025, PSC has moderated twenty-eight HAZOPs for large water transmission projects in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabia relies on an extensive network of water

The latest DVGW Guideline G221 gives recommendations for preparation of the obligatory risk assessment (Gefährdungsbeurteilung) which must be carried out prior to operation of

Cybersecurity should be integrated into the overall safety life cycle for a plant. Cyber attacks are a growing risk to critical infrastructure and security

Functional Safety found its application during a sailing trip in the Adriatic. IEC 61508 is the umbrella standard for Functional Safety, from which industry-specific